标准简介
OHSAS 18001 是国际公认的职业健康安全管理体系标准。它为组织提供了识别、控制和降低工作场所危害的框架，同时确保法律合规并改善员工安全。自 2018 年 3 月起，OHSAS 18001 已被 ISO 45001:2018 取代。
之前获得 OHSAS 18001 认证的组织必须在 2021 年 9 月之前过渡到 ISO 45001。新的 ISO 45001 标准更加强调领导层参与、员工参与、风险和机会管理，并通过高级结构（HLS）与其他 ISO 管理体系标准保持一致。
Hazard Identification
Systematic approach to identifying workplace hazards, assessing risks, and implementing controls to prevent injury and ill health.
Migration to ISO 45001
OHSAS 18001 was withdrawn in March 2021. Organizations must transition to ISO 45001:2018 to maintain certified OH&S management.
Worker Participation
Emphasizes consultation with workers on occupational health and safety matters, including risk assessment and incident investigation.
list_alt Key OH&S Elements
- OH&S policy and objectives
- Hazard identification and risk assessment
- Legal and other requirements
- Operational control procedures
- Emergency preparedness and response
- Incident investigation and corrective action
- Management review and continual improvement
Who Needs to Comply?
Organizations that were certified to OHSAS 18001 must migrate to ISO 45001:2018. The standard was historically used by manufacturing, construction, mining, and logistics companies.
Key Requirements
Hazard Identification
Establish procedures to identify hazards, assess OH&S risks, and determine necessary controls using the hierarchy of controls (elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative, PPE).
Legal Compliance
Identify and maintain access to applicable OH&S legal requirements. Periodically evaluate compliance with these obligations.
Operational Control
Implement and maintain controls for identified risks including safe work procedures, permit-to-work systems, and contractor management.
Incident Investigation
Investigate incidents and nonconformities to determine root causes, identify corrective actions, and identify opportunities for preventive action and continual improvement.
Penalties & Enforcement
No direct legal penalties for non-certification. OHSAS 18001 certificates are no longer valid after March 2021. Organizations must transition to ISO 45001 or lose their certified status.